Project: Norwegian Wind Atlas Customer: NVE/ENOVA Revision: 2.0.0
Scenario: - User: VECTOR AS Date: 01.09.03
+ Conclusion
The wind resources along the Norwegian coast have been assessed, from the southern tip at Lindesnes up to the Russian border. The land area considered is 37 682 km2, which constitute 12% of the total land area in Norway. Shallow areas offshore with depths less than 50 meters covers 20 121 km2. However, in some regions the bathymetry data is limited and these areas are excluded, see the models in each county for details.
Assessment of wind resources along a long coastline with complex terrain and complex local climatology is a demanding task. In particular areas the assessment are known to be inaccurate.
In general the high wind speed areas at higher altitudes should be treated with care. The general lack of knowledge about wind conditions at higher altitudes makes the resources assessment inaccurate in certain areas.
Assessment of the offshore wind resources is known to contain inaccuracies, arising from the discontinuity between the climatology data based on land stations and the Hindcast archive, for details see Climatology; Hindcast.
Onshore
The land area is classified in four groups according to the average wind speed at 50 meters height. The first and largest group cover the land area where the average wind speeds is above 6 m/s. The subsequent groups covers reduced areas as the average wind speed is increased to above 7 m/s, 8 m/s and 9 m/s.
. >6 m/s . >7 m/s . >8 m/s . >9 m/s .
Onshore 26559 (1165) 17754 (876) 7859 (444) 2509 (156)
Table 1. Areas in km2 classified in groups according to minimum average wind speed, numbers in brackets are energy production in TWh/year for an installed capacity of 15MW/km2.
The maximum theoretical energy production of 1165 TWh/year, is found by accumulation of all land areas with wind speeds above 6.0 m/s. An area of approximately 8000 km2 has been found with wind speeds above 8 m/s, capable of producing more than 400 TWh/year.
The national goal to have an annual energy production of 3 TWh/year by the year 2010, could be fulfilled by erecting turbines in an area of approximately 60 km2.
Offshore
The shallow areas with depths less than 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 meters are given along with the potential energy production in table 2. The distance to shore is arbitrary.
. -10 m . -20 m . -30 m . -40 m . -50 m .
Offshore 4707 (181) 8739 (345) 12543 (504) 16139 (656) 20121 (829)
Table 2. Areas in km2 classified in groups according to water depth, numbers in brackets are energy production in TWh/year for an installed capacity of 15MW/km2.